Nanomanufacturing

Nano fuel

Rechargeable batteries argon well-suited to portable- causality applications where the energy requirement between recharges is relatively small. In recent years, for example, lithium-ion batteries flummox proved their worth in wandering communications (cellular phones) and in laptop computers. With the advent of mobile broadband computing, however, the next generation of portable electronic equipment will supplicate ever-greater amounts of stored energy, most probably at levels that are well beyond the capabilities of batteries. For this reason, attention is turning to so-called micro fuel cells that promise an energy-storage faculty of over an order of magnitude greater than that of the best batteries, albeit with a lower power output. It is, therefore, widely thought that the first major markets for fuel cells will be established in the area of portable power.

Already, there has been a surge of interest in the development of units that generate just a few watts to power a wide range of consumer electronics, as well as in larger cells (up to a few hundred watts) that are suitable for military equipment, such(prenominal) as man-pack radios, helmet-mounted image displays, night-vision sights, optical maser range finders, and sophisticated communications systems. The ultimate in miniaturisation would be a nano fuel cell on a micro-chip.



Self-powered chips would hold back birth to a new generation of self-sufficient devices, such as remote sensors that could telemeter data from the field back to a central station. These encouraging prospects for portable fuel cells will have little impact on the future business of lead-acid batteries as it has long been established that there are no upstanding opportunities for this battery technology in portable-power applications.

Nanotechnology will also tune part of the package of solutions to tackle emissions and fuel economy in the near future. Cerulean International, a firm which is part of Oxford University has started...

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